Responses
If you meant would be able to kill her if he had removed his memories completely then that makes me even more glad that Claude suffers and finally knows Athy's pain even though it's only a bit. If you meant 'wouldn't' then that not only backfired and ended up causing her even MORE pain, but also, while it doesn't prove anything, it doesn't DISprove anything, either.

Spoiler alert.
I was also confused about how the storybook that Athy had read and the current events didn't match up. So I kinda went and read the actual novel. Basically guys, the reason is because of how Athy actually ended up meeting Claude earlier than in the story book (when she was 4 and not 9). After losing Diana, Claude started erasing his memories one by one. In the original story, when they meet when Athy is 9, Claude had managed to suppress all his memories, and destroy all evidences/memory stones/portraits of Diana and he purposefully left behind the anger and hatred he had towards Athnasia. But in the story, they meet much earlier, before Claude could completely remove his memories. After they meet, no matter how much he tries, he becomes unable to suppress his remaining memories. Infact, he himself starts cursing saying that if he had not met Athy in just one more year, he would have been able to completely remove his memories of Diana. That changed everything. This is why Claude never came to visit Athy when she was a baby. Because that day when she was born and he tried to kill her, he couldn't. So he decided to first suppress his memories so that he would be able to kill her. Hence the reason he completely ignores her when she was growing up.